Makes it a federal crime to keep certain firearms in a home when the owner knows or reasonably should know a minor could access the gun without permission or a resident is legally barred from possessing firearms. The bill imposes civil fines, creates tougher criminal penalties (including up to 5 years imprisonment and enhanced sentences if an improperly stored gun is used to injure or kill someone), authorizes seizure/forfeiture of violative firearms, adds a congressional "sense" that unsafe storage is negligence for causation purposes, and directs creation of a federal "Firearm Safe Storage Program" (program details and funding are not included in the text). A standard severability clause preserves the rest of the law if part is struck down.